Diane Stott
Soil Scientist (Soil Biochemistry)
Mailing
Address
USDA-ARS
National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory
Phone: (765) 494-6657
Fax: (765) 494-5948
Email: destott@purdue.edu
Diane Stott is a Soil
Scientist specializing in Soil Biochemistry. She is with the USDA Agricultural
Research Service at the National Soil
Erosion Research Laboratory, located on the Purdue
University campus in West Lafayette, Indiana.
She is also an Adjunct Professor of Soil Science with Purdue's Agronomy Department.
Dr. Stott received her B.S.
and M.S. in Microbiology from Oregon State
University and her Ph.D. in Soil Science (Soil Microbiology and
Biochemistry) from the University of California at Riverside.
Dr. Stott currently leads
the NSERL's program on Soil Erosion &
Soil Resource Management.
Current Research Interests
·
Source Water Initiative Project (SWPI). Tracking the loss of C from the watersheds to the
waterways in the form of soluble compounds as well as with the solid sediment
phase.
·
Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). Monitoring changes in soil quality of the several
instrumented watersheds in
·
Greenhouse Gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon
Enhancement network (GRACEnet). Monitoring trace gas emissions from
common tillage practices for corn-soybean rotations on a Mollisol and an
Alfisol. This is a long term study that
is part of an ARS network of several locations and is intended to last a
minimum of ten years.
·
Cropping Systems.
Evaluation of the impact of crop sequencing
on the soil biological and biochemical characteristics of the soil; in
cooperation with USDA-ARS personnel in
· Crop Residue Decomposition. Evaluation of the impact of environmental and management factors on crop residue decay. Mass loss is emphasize rather than nutrient loss as the degree of erosion protection that residues provide are determined on a mass basis.
· Transport of
Carbon with Eroding Sediments. With the increase interest in C
sequestration, there is an interest in understanding the amount and form of C
(and N) that is lost during an erosion event. Preliminary investigations
indicate a preferential loss of labile C.
· Soil Quality. Evaluation of the linkages between soil
biochemistry and soil physical parameters related to soil erodibility. Included
in this work is the determination of crop and management impacts on C
sequestration.
Education
1976 B.S.
Microbiology;
1978 M.S.
Microbiology (Soil Microbiology);
1982 Ph.D.
Soil Science (Soil Microbiology & Biochemistry);
Professional Experience
1982-1983 Post-Doctoral Research Associate,
1983-1984 Research Associate,
1984- Now Microbiologist (Soils), USDA-ARS
National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory (NSERL),
1998 Visiting
Scientist, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Dep. de Ciência do Solo
(Dept. of Soil Science), Lavras, Minas Gerais,
2003 120-day
detail, Acting Research Leader and
Laboratory Director, NSERL
Current Adjunct Professor of Soil Science, Dept. of Agronomy,
Honors and Awards
Elected Member, Sigma Xi, Scientific Research Honorary
Elected Member, Gamma Sigma Delta, Agric. Science Honorary
Elected Fellow, 1997, American Society of Agronomy
Recipient, USDA Certificate of Merit and Cash Awards, 1990,
1991, 1995, 2003, 2005
Performance Awards, USDA-ARS, 1991, 1993, 1994
Interview, 1999, TIME for Kids Magazine, Special Winter
Issue: Heroes for the Planet Profiles
distributed to 4th, 5th,
& 6th graders across the country. A portion of the article can
be viewed at:
http://www.time.com/time/reports/environment/heroes/tfk/0,2967,tfk_stott,00.html
Elected Chair, 2003, Soil Science Society of
Membership in Professional Societies
American Society of Agronomy (ASA)
Soil Science Society of
Soil and Water Conservation Society (SWCS)
International Soil Conservation Organization (ISCO)
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Gamma Sigma Delta
Sigma Xi
Committee Assignments - Professional & Honorary Societies
(Since 2000):
Chair,
1997-2000. Publications committee for the 10th ISCO Conference
Associate
Editor, 1996-2001, Journal of Environmental Quality (ASA & SSSA)
Member,
Publications Board, 1994-2000, SWCS
Member,
1998-2002, SSSA Book Series Committee
Member,
1998-2002, Editorial Affairs, Policies, and Practices Committee, ASA
Member,
2001-2003, Location of Meeting Committee, ASA
2nd
Vice Chair, 2002-2004, Division 3 (Soil Use and Management) of the International
Chair,
1998-2004; Member, 1994-1997, Monograph Committee, ASA-SSSA-CSSA
Chair, 2005,
Chair-Elect, 2004; Past Chair, 2006, SSSA Division S06
Accomplishments
Stabilization of crop C in soil
humus. Demonstrated that the more rapid the
decomposition rate of various plant residue components and other similar
substrates, the relatively greater amount of C flows through the soil microbial
biomass. This information is used in
theoretical organic matter cycling models such as the Century Models developed
at
Crop residue decomposition
experiments. Developed
one of the first complete data bases for validation of a mechanistic residue
decomposition models, and showed that decomposition occurred faster than
expected during the cold winter months and the dry summer months. These results were used to improve equations
for predicting residue decomposition.
The new boundary conditions are widely used in erosion prediction and
residue management programs, including RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss
Equation), which is required by law to be used for determining if
Modeling crop residue decomposition and management. Developed a computer-based Residue Management decision support system (RESMAN) to estimate the quantity of residue on the surface of a field at any time. The estimates consider over-winter residue decomposition loss and residue burial by tillage and other management operations. With about 16,000 documented copies of RESMAN distributed, it became a standard for predicting residue cover on a field. This led to the incorporation of the controlling equations into RUSLE, WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project), and WEPS (Wind Erosion Prediction System). Since residue cover management is a leading erosion control method, accuracy of these equations, especially in RUSLE, are critical for implementing conservation compliance regulations.
Use of organic amendments to control erosion. Polyacrylamides (PAM) are used extensively in furrow irrigation systems in the western states, and is gaining ground in erosion control applications such as construction sites, highway cuts, and for specialized crops. We demonstrated that the relative effectiveness of various PAM formulations changed for different soils. The selection of a particular type of PAM can now be tailored to soil type.
Crop residue management for erosion
control. Demonstrated that the two methods used to measure and
calculate residue retention after tillage were not equal, thus impacting the
predictions used to determine if a farmer was meeting conservation compliance.
Demonstrated the effects of chisel plow configuration and coulter gang
engagement on surface residue retention.
The determination of the best calculation method for residue retention
has improved our ability to accurately predict the surface cover present at any
given time, and has been incorporated in WEPP and RUSLE. The tillage retention information is used to
make choices of chisel configurations for residue management in the
Application of RUSLE to the Kenyan
Highlands. In a set
of field experiments in the Embu district of central
Soil quality in the Brazilian
Cerrado. Sampled
soils over a three state area in the southern part of the Cerrado to develop a
baseline for soil quality in the native soil before they come under
agricultural production. Specifically we determined the biochemical, chemical
and structural status of these soils, while other project members determined
the chemical, mineralogical, and physical characteristics. These baselines will
allow monitoring of these regional soils as they come under agricultural
production, reducing the impact on the
List of Publications - Last Updated
on 20 May 2005.
Recent
Publications
Hill, P.R. and D.E.
Stott. 2000. Corn residue retention by a combination chisel plow. Soil Science Society of
Neuhäusler, U., C. Jacobsen, D.G. Schulze, D.E. Stott and S. Abend.
2000. A specimen chamber for soft x-ray spectromicroscopy on aqueous and liquid
samples. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
7:110-112.
Green, V.S., D.E.
Stott, L.D. Norton and J.G. Graveel. 2000. Effect of polyacrylamide
molecular weight and charge on infiltration under simulated rainfall. Soil Science Society of
Stott,
D.E., R.H. Mohtar and G.C Steinhardt
(eds.) 2001. Sustaining the Global Farm – Selected papers from the 10th
International Soil Conservation Organization Meeting, 24-29 May 1999, West
Lafayette, IN. International Soil Conservation Organization in cooperation with
the USDA and Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. CD-ROM. USDA-ARS National
Soil Erosion Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN. http://topsoil.nserl.purdue.edu/nserlweb/isco99/pdf/ISCOdisc/tableofcontents.htm)
Schomberg, H.H., G.R. Foster, J.L. Steiner,
and D.E. Stott. 2002. An Improved
Temperature Function for Modeling Crop Residue Decomposition. Transactions of the ASAE 45:1415-1422.
Mendonça, E.S. and D.E. Stott. 2003.
Characteristics and decomposition pattern of pruning residues from a shaded
coffee system in southeastern
Green, V.S., D.E.
Stott, J.G. Graveel, and L.D. Norton. 2004. Stability analysis of soil
aggregates treated with anionic polyacrylamides of different molecular
formulations. Soil Science
169:573-581.
Green, V.S., D.E. Stott, and M. Diack. 2005. Assay
for fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity: Optimization for soil samples. Soil Biology & Biochemistry ACCEPTED
27 MAY 2005
Additional Items of Interest
Soil
Science Society of
Division S3: Soil
Biology and Biochemistry
Division S6: Soil
& Water Management & Conservation
To locate the NSERL on the
campus map, click here. We are
the building labeled SOIL.